lIST OF APGC BOOKS

Book Name

Abstract

The current discourse of human rights does not show a serious and clear desire towards identity and cultural issues. Of course, in general cases and in its entirety, issues related to identity such as dignity and human value have been acknowledged by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. But this statement cannot be correctly considered as identifying the identity of people who have been considered as "other" with various titles such as religious, cultural, linguistic, and racial differences. Therefore, while according to human rights, and theoretically, the recognition of the legal identity of each person by the current human rights discourse provides equal access to social opportunities, according to the same discourse, those who define their original identity in a different way than the Universal Declaration have done, they will not benefit from these rights.

The main purpose of this text book in Farsi is to explain that the effective and efficient implementation of human rights requires the identification of identities. To develop this goal, first of all, it is necessary to gain an understanding of how the world is structured, and how these structures are being redefined in the context of globalization, and how with this understanding we can find out where we stand in the world, so that we can relate Explain between human rights, the meaning of life, and identity issues. For this purpose, the subject of the book follows a different approach from the philosophical or legal literature of human rights discourse.

The current textbook in Farsi studies the interdependence between the moral necessity of getting rid of oppression and the corresponding legal frameworks and mechanisms, and thus has an inextricable link with the political issues of societies. In fact, human rights are connected with liberating ethics, policies that facilitate the way of human freedom, and legal criteria that guide them.

The book, which was originally prepared based on the answers to the questions of the compatriots, tries to open a human rights perspective to promote public awareness by studying the issues that are relevant in people's daily lives. For this reason, each chapter of the book provides an answer to the questions of dear compatriots; Therefore, in relation to the news that is going on every day. The formal structure of the chapters is somewhat different from other books in this collection of human rights ideas. Here, all the chapters start with those questions and then the discussion is organized with the aim of providing a clear answer to those questions.

Today, human rights discourse covers a wide range of issues, which not only include the bodies and legal regimes that oversee them, but also includes criminal issues including the cancellation of the immunity of the officials of the countries. Therefore, in addition to the complex organization of human rights issues and how to monitor them, human rights have crossed the boundaries and limitations of disciplines and have been involved with the issues related to the management of political societies, interaction with the world, and international criminal law. This book explains small parts of these modern human rights issues according to the conditions of Iran today. The topics are divided into two categories. The first part is devoted to the examination of overlapping layers between international human rights and international criminal law. The second part is a collection of speeches prepared and written in response to the questions of the compatriots and then published.

As a long-standing desire to be freed from the oppression of narcissistic autocrats who monopolize the pyramids of power and continuously oppress the people, human rights is a liberating discourse for all the oppressed. With the emergence of international human rights in 1948, that is, with the universal acceptance of the inherent rights of all human beings to be free in life and self-expression, this wish raised many hopes and is still the only available option against the oppression and tyranny of autocratic and totalitarian systems. Achieving this dream and establishing international legal and institutional regimes in support of people's inherent rights and basic freedoms has not happened easily; Rather, it has passed through the complex intellectual developments and liberating thoughts of (European) thinkers and philosophers in the modern era until it has reached its current position. But this development and evolution of the human rights discourse has also been accompanied by challenges both from the point of view of ritual and epistemology, as well as its implementation methods.

The main goal of this textbook is to analyze the intellectual and philosophical grounds of the principle of humanity in international human rights The general theme of this book is more philosophical and tries to explain why all members of human society and especially countries should commit themselves to respecting the principle of humanity. It is worth noting that the evolution of the principle of humanity has occurred in the modern era: at first it had moral dimensions, then it evolved and took on a social and political nature, and then it was accompanied by legal requirements. For this reason, the main focus of the book analysis is on the interpretations of modern philosophical texts and opinions. In addition, since Immanuel Kant explained the principle of humanity in the most expressive and beautiful way possible, this book tries to explain the principle of humanity as the basis of contemporary human rights discourse from the language of its architect.

This textbook is authored in Farsi language.

The change of perspective from the fundamental issues of human rights, which are in the field of the first generation, to the theories that challenge the assumptions of the first generation, creates confusion for the understanding of the discourse of human rights. However, the question arises as to how to emphasize the need to respect, implement, and advance the fundamental rights and freedoms of the generation on the one hand, and at the same time, challenge the assumptions of the first generation. What is discussed in seemingly contradictory theories is that the liberating messages of human rights should be explained beyond the abstract dimensions of discourse and in the context of social and political conditions. Due to the emphasis on independence in decision-making, participation, and the right to self-determination, the issues of democracy and good governance have made the issues related to the concepts of individual rights and freedoms more prominent and attractive, so that the discourse of human rights and fundamental freedoms should be a new ritual.

This textbook is authored in Farsi language.

It is often stated that human rightdiscourse exposes its existential nature to protect basic individualistic freedoms. Therefore, whenever the idea of public good concerns, it should be in harmony with individual good. The idea often arises that these two concepts, that is, right and public good, cannot be associated with each other in terms of substance, unless any kind of thought and claim regarding public good and social benefits is placed in the orbit of individual rights. The importance of the issue is also related to the concept of social justice.
This textbook theoretically considers the additional goal of liberating human rights discourse, that is, the need to pay attention to social justice, in order to direct thoughts to the importance of public good. Since the educational philosophy of human rights is necessary for a conscious understanding of the meaning of the sublime human life, I hope this book will be an enlightening step in the path of seeking freedom and getting rid of the patterns of oppression and injustice.

This textbook is authored in Farsi language.
 
If human rights discourse is an emancipatory hope and if the world has recognized fundamental rights, why are still more victims of human rights violations every day? Why is the voice of the world's biggest human rights-supporting countries muted in the heat of political or economic interests? Why don't the human rights defenders, who fight for the human rights of the oppressed and the oppressed, pay enough attention to the inherent contradictions hidden in the current human rights discourse? How can you turn a blind eye to the gradual and invisible death of millions of victims of visible and invisible systems and structures of domination with all human rights mechanisms?

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